KafScale vs Kafka alternatives

An honest comparison of Kafka-compatible streaming platforms. We highlight the architectural and licensing tradeoffs that matter most—including where KafScale isn't the right fit.

License comparison

Licensing determines your long-term flexibility. This matters more than most vendors admit.

Platform License What it means
KafScale Apache 2.0 Use, modify, redistribute freely. No restrictions ever.
Apache Kafka Apache 2.0 Fully open source. No restrictions.
Redpanda BSL 1.1 Source available. Cannot offer as competing service. Converts to Apache 2.0 after 4 years.
AutoMQ BSL Source available. Cannot offer as competing service. Converts to Apache 2.0 after 4 years.
WarpStream Proprietary Closed source. Owned by Confluent (acquired Sept 2024). Vendor lock-in risk.
Bufstream Proprietary Closed source. Usage-based licensing fee per GiB. Self-hosted but not open.

Why license matters: BSL and proprietary licenses restrict how you can use the software. If you’re building a platform, offering managed services, or want to avoid vendor dependency, Apache 2.0 is the only safe choice.

Vertical comparison

KafScale

Stateless Kafka on S3 · Apache 2.0

LanguageGo
StorageS3 only (no local disk)
Broker stateStateless
Metadataetcd
Kubernetes nativeCRDs + Operator + HPA
Typical latency~400ms p99
TransactionsNo (by design)
Compacted topicsNo (by design)
LicenseApache 2.0
Best forETL, logs, async events, cost-sensitive

Apache Kafka

The original · Self-managed

LanguageJava/Scala
StorageLocal disk (stateful)
Broker stateStateful
MetadataZooKeeper / KRaft
Kubernetes nativeCommunity operators (Strimzi)
Typical latency<10ms p99
TransactionsYes
Compacted topicsYes
LicenseApache 2.0
Best forGeneral streaming, low latency

Redpanda

C++ rewrite · Low latency

LanguageC++
StorageLocal disk + tiered to S3
Broker stateStateful
MetadataInternal Raft
Kubernetes nativeOperator
Typical latency<10ms p99
TransactionsYes
Compacted topicsYes
LicenseBSL 1.1
Best forLow latency, Kafka replacement

WarpStream

S3-native · Confluent-owned

LanguageGo
StorageS3 only
Broker stateStateless
MetadataCloud control plane (Confluent)
Kubernetes nativeBYOC (agents in your VPC)
Typical latency~400-600ms p99
TransactionsNo
Compacted topicsNo
LicenseProprietary
Best forBYOC logging, observability

AutoMQ

Kafka fork · S3 + EBS WAL

LanguageJava (Kafka fork)
StorageS3 + EBS write-ahead log
Broker stateStateless (WAL on EBS)
MetadataKRaft
Kubernetes nativeOperator
Typical latency~10ms p99 (with EBS WAL)
TransactionsYes
Compacted topicsYes
LicenseBSL
Best forKafka migration, low latency + S3

Bufstream

S3-native · Iceberg-first

LanguageGo
StorageS3 + PostgreSQL metadata
Broker stateStateless
MetadataPostgreSQL / Spanner
Kubernetes nativeHelm chart
Typical latency~260ms median, ~500ms p99
TransactionsYes (EOS)
Compacted topicsNo
LicenseProprietary
Best forData lakehouse, Protobuf/Iceberg

Architecture comparison

Platform Storage model Tradeoff
KafScale S3 only, etcd metadata Higher latency, zero disk ops
Apache Kafka Local disk, replicated Low latency, high ops burden
Redpanda Local disk + S3 tiering Low latency, still stateful
WarpStream S3 only, cloud control plane Stateless, but control plane dependency
AutoMQ EBS WAL + S3 Low latency, requires EBS
Bufstream S3 + PostgreSQL Transactions supported, requires Postgres

When to use what

Use case Recommended Why
ETL pipelines, logs, async events KafScale ~400ms latency is fine, lowest cost, truly open
Low-latency trading, real-time Kafka, Redpanda, AutoMQ Need <10ms latency
Kafka migration with S3 cost savings AutoMQ Kafka-compatible, EBS WAL for low latency
Data lakehouse / Iceberg integration Bufstream Native Iceberg, Protobuf validation
BYOC with Confluent ecosystem WarpStream Confluent-backed, integrates with their tooling
Avoid vendor lock-in at all costs KafScale, Apache Kafka Only Apache 2.0 options

Cost snapshot

Estimated monthly cost for 100 GB/day ingestion, 7-day retention, 3-node cluster:

Platform Estimated cost Notes
KafScale ~$100/mo S3 + 3× t3.medium, no license fees
Bufstream ~$120/mo S3 + compute + usage-based license
WarpStream ~$150/mo + fees S3 + agents + control plane fees
AutoMQ ~$150/mo S3 + EBS WAL + compute
Redpanda ~$300/mo EBS volumes + compute
Apache Kafka ~$400/mo EBS volumes + ZK/KRaft + compute

Cost notes

  • Costs vary significantly by region, instance type, and workload pattern
  • S3-native platforms (KafScale, WarpStream, Bufstream) have lowest storage costs but higher API costs at very high throughput
  • AutoMQ’s EBS WAL adds ~$20-50/mo but enables low latency
  • WarpStream and Bufstream have license/usage fees on top of infrastructure
  • Apache Kafka and Redpanda require more compute for replication overhead

Feature matrix

Feature KafScale Kafka Redpanda WarpStream AutoMQ Bufstream
Kafka protocol ✓ Core ✓ Full ✓ Full ✓ Core ✓ Full ✓ Full
Transactions
Compacted topics
Consumer groups
Stateless brokers
S3 as primary storage ◐ Tiered
K8s CRDs ◐ Strimzi
Native Iceberg
Jepsen tested Planned
Self-hostable ◐ BYOC
No vendor dependency
Legend: ✓ = Yes ✗ = No ◐ = Partial

The honest tradeoffs

KafScale is NOT for you if:

  • You need <100ms latency (use Kafka, Redpanda, or AutoMQ)
  • You need exactly-once transactions (use Kafka, AutoMQ, or Bufstream)
  • You need compacted topics for CDC (use Kafka, Redpanda, or AutoMQ)
  • You need native Iceberg integration (use Bufstream or AutoMQ)

KafScale IS for you if:

  • ~500ms latency is acceptable (ETL, logs, async events)
  • You want the lowest possible cost
  • You want true Apache 2.0 open source with no restrictions
  • You want stateless brokers that scale with HPA
  • You want to avoid vendor lock-in and control plane dependencies

Why we built KafScale

The IBM acquisition of Confluent (and with it, WarpStream) in late 2024 highlighted the risk of depending on proprietary streaming platforms. AutoMQ and Redpanda use BSL licenses that restrict how you can use the software. Bufstream charges usage fees.

KafScale is the only S3-native, stateless, Kafka-compatible streaming platform that is truly open source under Apache 2.0. For the 80% of workloads that don’t need sub-100ms latency or transactions, it’s the simplest and most cost-effective choice.